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Environmental Control for Indoor Allergens

Environmental Control for Indoor Allergens

House dust contains a variety of allergens such as insect parts, animal dander, and dust mites. Furthermore, mold may also be present in homes. It is important to eliminate as much allergen as possible from the home in order to derive maximum benefit from your treatment.

House Dust Mite is probably the most important allergen in most homes. Controlling house dust mite exposure will decrease symptoms in allergic patients and may decrease the risk of developing dust mite allergy in patients not yet sensitized. Dust mites are tiny microscopic creatures that thrive in warm, moist climates. Upholstery (particularly the bed) is the ideal habitat for dust mites because they need the protection of the padding and a food supply (shed human skin) to survive. They cannot thrive on non-porous surfaces or in cool dry climates.

There are simple things you can do to minimize dust mite exposure:

  • You should concentrate on the bedroom (particularly the bed) because this is where you spend most of your time. In fact, when you are sleeping, you are breathing with your mouth and nose inches from a whole army of dust mites. The bedroom should be clutter free.
  • Dusting should be done frequently with a damp cloth.
  • The humidity in the bedroom should be kept below 50%. In Central Oklahoma this generally requires only air condition, but may require a de-humidifier. Humidifiers encourage dust mite and mold growth and should be avoided.
  • The mattress, box spring and pillow should be encased in dust mite proof encasements. All items on the bed should be washed in hot water (140 degrees) every one to two weeks. Stuffed animals should be removed from the bed.
  • Upholstered furniture and wall to wall carpet contain dust mites and should be avoided if possible, but these are not nearly as important as the bed.
  • Air filters, expensive vacuum cleaners, and duct cleaning help only minimally. When vacuuming, a HEPA filter or double bag should be used to minimize dust mites being stirred up and released into the air.

Cockroaches are now recognized as important indoor allergens. Other insects such as lady bugs, spiders, and crickets have recently been implicated. Keep the home clean and dry and fix any leaks or drips. It may be necessary to have an exterminator treat the home periodically.

Animal dander, generally from cats and dogs (but sometimes from gerbils, hamster, guinea pigs, mice, etc.) is a very important source of allergen in dust. Contrary to popular belief, animal hair is not the problem. Rather, it is a protein in the urine, saliva and dander of animal that provokes allergy. There are no “nonallergenic” furred pets. Some individual animals produce more allergen than others but there are no “safe” breeds.

  • The best thing you can do if you are allergic is to eliminate the pet.
  • Keeping the animal outside is only a partial solution because people who handle the animals outside will bring the allergen in on their clothes.
  • If you cannot eliminate the pet, try to keep the pet in non-upholstered areas and never let the pet in the bedroom. A HEPA filter in the bedroom may provide some protection.
  • Bathing the animals weekly may decrease the amount of allergen they produce.
  • After the animal has been removed, it can take as long as a year for allergen levels in the home to drop significantly, so a good thorough cleaning of the home is necessary after eliminating the animal.

Recently some information has come to light which suggests that if you are not already allergic it may actually be helpful to have cats or dogs in the home. However, if you are already pet allergic having the pets around will only worsen your allergic symptoms.

Indoor Mold can also cause significant allergic respiratory symptoms. Homes with high humidity and/or leaks have a high likelihood of having significant indoor molds. Once these issues have been fixed, it is generally easy to eliminate molds, but if you continue to have problems with water leaks or high humidity, you will have a hard time cleaning up your mold. Use a cleaning solution containing 5% bleach and a small amount of detergent to clean up moldy areas. Performing house dust control measures will help as well.

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Not a Cold. Not the Flu. It’s Cedar Fever! Who Knew?

Runny nose, coughing, watery eyes – These are the symptoms Tess (not her real name) just couldn’t seem to shake.

The congestion set in after raking leaves.  Her first thought was, “Wow, I have caught a cold.”

But those pesky cold symptoms lingered.  She worried that perhaps she had contracted Covid, as some friends had tested positive for it recently. She felt fine but tested anyhow. Five negative Covid tests later, she was finally convinced it was not Covid.

So, it was not Covid. It was not a cold, and it was not influenza either. What was it?

It turns out the culprit was not a virus at all.  Tess was suffering from something called Cedar Fever.

“Cedar Fever is not really a fever and it is not a virus,” said Maya Gharfeh, MD, FACAAI, FAAAAI. “It is an allergic reaction to pollen from cedar trees, which do grow in abundance in this state and region. For some, the pollen triggers an allergic reaction.”

Most people worry about allergies in the spring and summer, but for some people, like me, allergies can also occur and sometimes be severe in the winter months too.

Cedar Fever

If you live in Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas or Missouri or somewhere where these trees are common and have a sensitivity to the pollen, you may notice seasonal allergy symptoms from these trees in the winter months.

Millions of cedar trees release large amounts of pollen each year, with pollen production typically reaching a peak in mid-January.  Tree experts know that when it is dry and windy, pollen cones open and release pollen grains. Some people have even captured video and pictures of the pollen clouds blowing off trees. 

What Are the Symptoms of Cedar Fever?

Dr. Gharfeh explained cedar fever is often confused with a cold or flu because of the time of year when it is most prevalent.

Cedar Fever symptoms are like many common allergy symptoms, and may include a runny nose or nasal congestion, itchiness, and sneezing. As the name suggests, some people may notice a warmer body temperature as part of their symptoms.

“We are talking about a mildly elevated body temperature or feeling slightly warm,” Gharfeh stressed. “If you are experiencing a high fever, it is likely that it is something more than allergies and you should see a primary care provider if those symptoms don’t fade.”

Here are a few other symptoms that sometimes occur with Cedar Fever:

  • Sore throat
  • Coughing
  • Difficulty smelling
  • Plugged ears
How Do You Treat Cedar Fever?

Cedar fever should not put you at risk for any health complications, but the symptoms can be uncomfortable.

“As with so many allergies, the appropriate treatment depends upon the patient and the severity of his or her symptoms,” Gharfeh explained.

Common treatments at home may include:

  • Prescription medications
  • Over-the-counter antihistamines
  • Over-the-counter medications

“For some simple over-the-counter medications are sufficient, but if you find that those medications are not enough, it might be time to talk with your doctor or an allergy specialist,” Gharfeh said. “At the Oklahoma Allergy and Asthma Clinic, we have 100 years of experience helping people navigate life with allergies. We are able to help determine the best treatment for your allergies, which may include stronger prescription medications.”

Prevention of Cedar Fever

Gharfeh explained that for those most susceptible to Cedar Fever, avoiding pollen as much as possible can help.  Here are a few strategies that may help:

  • Avoid outdoor activities when tree pollen counts are high
  • Close windows and change air filters often to reduce pollen levels in your home
  • If you need to do yard work, wear a mask to reduce exposure to cedar pollen
  • Vacuum and clean your home regularly to reduce indoor allergens

Tess has learned to watch the pollen counts displayed daily by the official Oklahoma Allergy and Asthma Clinic website, taking precautions when the tree pollen counts elevate, especially to medium (yellow on the graph) or higher.  The clinic’s pollen count is posted daily Monday through Friday and can be found here: https://oklahomaallergy.com/allergy-report/

With a simple pollen count check daily and some allergy medications, Tess finds she is better able to maneuver Cedar Fever season.

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Oklahoma Allergy and Asthma Clinic celebrates its 100th Anniversary this year. Founded in 1925, the clinic has a century of patient-focused, state-of-the-art allergy and asthma care. Today, the clinic is home to 13 allergy and asthma specialists, caring for tens of thousands of patients a year from across Oklahoma, the region and nation.  OAAC also has earned the Better Business Bureau’s Torch Award for Business Ethics, the Oklahoman’s Community’s Choice Award for Top Allergy Clinic, 405 Magazine’s Best OKC Allergy Clinic and the Journal Record’s Reader’s Rankings Award, among others. In addition, the clinic remains a staunch supporter of the community through organizations such as Allied Arts, United Way, the Oklahoma City Philharmonic and Museum of Art, Ronald McDonald House Charities of OKC, Toby Keith Foundation, Positive Tomorrows and more.

The post Not a Cold. Not the Flu. It’s Cedar Fever! Who Knew? appeared first on Oklahoma Allergy and Asthma Clinic.

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